To test for lead using paint chip samples, what is essential?

To accurately assess lead content in paint using paint chip samples, including all paint layers in the sample is essential. Lead can be present in any layer of paint, particularly in older buildings where multiple layers of paint may have been applied over the years. If only the top layer is tested, it could lead to a false negative result if the lead paint is located beneath that layer. Furthermore, a thorough assessment of all layers provides a more representative sample of the paint's overall lead content, crucial for accurately determining potential lead poisoning risks for occupants and ensuring proper abatement procedures are followed. Failing to include all layers could result in unsafe living conditions, as low lead results could suggest no lead hazard exists when, in fact, a significant risk may lie below the surface.